Once the largets terminal lake in Central Asia, the Aral Sea is fed by its tributaries the Syr Darya and the Amu Darya. It has suffered from a significant reduction of water inflow during the last two decades. This led to the exposure of large portions of the sea’s surface which nowadays is called the Aralkum dessert. The diffusion of dust and sand particles in the area may not only threaten human health and agricultural productivity, but it is assumed to impact the regional hydrological cycle through the increase of aerosols in the atmosphere.